From the Rolls-Royce experimental archive: a quarter of a million communications from Rolls-Royce, 1906 to 1960's. Documents from the Sir Henry Royce Memorial Foundation (SHRMF).
Guide to the study of different types of Japanese tissue paper and their manufacturing processes.
| Identifier | ExFiles\Box 24\2\ Scan239 | |
| Date | 30th January 1923 guessed | |
| 660 DIRECTIONS FOR THE STUDY OF Sulphite Imitation Japanese Tissue Paper. The term "Sulphite Imitation Japanese Tissue Paper" denotes soft porous tissue paper made from wood-pulp by the sulphite process. Japanese Gampi Tissue Paper. The term "Japanese Gampi Tissue Paper" denotes tissue paper hand-made from the Wickstroemia puciflora. Japanese Kodzu Tissue Paper. The term "Japanese Kodzu Tissue Paper" denotes tissue paper made from the Broussonetia papyrifera (Paper mulberry). Note.—Two qualities of this paper are in general use. Japanese Tosa Dental Tissue Paper. The term "Japanese Tosa Dental Tissue Paper" denotes soft porous tissue paper made from the Broussonetia papyrifera (Paper mulberry) in the Tosa district. Note.—This paper is superior to the Mino Dental Tissue. Japanese Mino Dental Tissue Paper. The term "Japanese Mino Dental Tissue Paper" denotes soft porous tissue paper made from the Broussonetia papyrifera (Paper mulberry) in the Mino district. Note.—This paper is inferior to the Tosa Dental Tissue. II. PROCESSES OF TREATMENT DURING MANUFACTURE. During manufacture the papers defined above are subjected to one or more of the processes described below :— Bleaching. Bleaching is carried out on the pulp before it is made into paper. The usual agent is chloride of lime. Loading. Loading consists of filling up the interstices between the fibres to impart appearance and weight. The usual substances employed are Kaolin (china clay), calcium sulphate and "brokes." Note.—" Brokes " is the name given to paper which is spoiled during the course of manufacture. Colouring. The term "Colouring" denotes the production of coloured pulp, or a pure (or toned) white pulp, after it has been bleached. The colour is produced by the addition of either mineral, or other pigments or aniline dyes, to the pulp. Whiteness is produced by the addition of ultramarine or cochineal to the pulp for the best papers, and aniline blues for the cheaper papers. Staining. The term "Staining" denotes applying a coating of dye to the surface of the paper. Sizing. The term "Sizing" denotes a process employed to impart strength to the paper. Three principal sizing treatments are employed as follows :— (a) Resin (or Engine) Sizing (Hard Sizing). Resin Sizing is carried out by the addition of resin to the pulp in the form of sodium resinate, and alum in the form of aluminium sulphate. (b) Viscose Sizing. Viscose Sizing is carried out by the addition of viscose to the pulp with or without resin. Note.—Viscose is made from cellulose in the form of bleached cotton or wood pulp by treatment with sodium hydrate and then with carbon disulphide, which converts the cellulose into a gelatinous transparent mass soluble in water. The crude solution thus obtained is refined by treatment either with saturated brine or with alcohol. (c) Gelatine (or Animal or Tub) Sizing (Soft Sizing). Gelatine Sizing is carried out by coating the finished paper with gelatine, glue or casein. Parchmentising (Hydro-Cellulose). The term "Parchmentising" denotes an acid (or alkali) treatment so as to render the paper grease-proof. Hydration (Hydra-Cellulose). The term "Hydration" denotes the incorporation of water with the fibres producing a kind of gelatinous film. This result is obtained by beating the pulp in a suitable manner for a sufficiently long time. This process is used in the production of grease-proof and similar papers. Glazing. Four methods of glazing are employed, as follows :— (a) Machine Glazing (M.G.). Machine Glazing is carried out by passing the paper over a hot cylinder during the course of manufacture. One side of the paper only is machine glazed. (b) Friction Glazing (F.G.). Friction Glazing is carried out by passing the paper between warm cylinders which are treated with either beeswax or paraffin wax. (c) Super-Calendering (S.C.). Super-Calendering is carried out by passing the paper through a machine consisting of a stack of cylinders | ||