From the Rolls-Royce experimental archive: a quarter of a million communications from Rolls-Royce, 1906 to 1960's. Documents from the Sir Henry Royce Memorial Foundation (SHRMF).
Provisional patent specification for improvements in cylinders of internal combustion engines.
| Identifier | ExFiles\Box 147\4\ scan0151 | |
| Date | 16th May 1939 | |
| PATENT SPECIFICATION 16/5/39 Application Date: Oct. 16, 1937. No. 28240/37. 505,895 Complete Specification Left: Oct. 17, 1938. Complete Specification Accepted: May 16, 1939. PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION Cylinders of Internal Combustion Engines We, JOHN LÉON EDWARDS, of 43, Handel Street, Derby, and JAMES DENNING PEARSON, of Lyndene, Burton Road, Littleover, Derby, England, both British Subjects, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:— This invention is for improvements in the cylinders of internal combustion engines. In a known arrangement of engines a single overhead inlet valve is arranged in a position parallel to the axis of the cylinder and occupying a large portion of the head which is arranged normal to the cylinder axis. The stem of the inlet valve is arranged to one side of the cylinder axis and on the other side is arranged a combustion chamber having an approximately dome shaped top and flat base in which base is fitted the exhaust valve which opens up into this combustion chamber. Throughout this specification we propose to regard the cylinder as occupying a vertical position and to use the expression “ upward ” “ downward ” etc., in this sense. It will be appreciated that the invention to be described is unaffected by the position with reference to the vertical which the cylinder occupies. The combustion chamber communicates with the interior of the cylinder through a comparatively small area or throat between the wall of the cylinder and the part which supports the seating for the inlet valve. It will also be appreciated that only a small part of the combustion chamber forming this communication lies within a continuation of the cylinder walls. The remainder lies outside such continuation. This communication forms a comparatively narrow throat, since it must be small owing to the desirability of using a large inlet valve, and at high speeds we have found that the charge in the combustion chamber is liable to detonate, possibly due to the fact that the form of combustion chamber introduces an excess of turbulence. According to this invention the size of the throat is increased by inclining the stem of the inlet valve away from a continuation of the axis of the cylinder in a direction away from the exhaust valve. The lowest portion of the head of the inlet valve may lie close up against the position which the piston occupies at top dead centre or the seating of the inlet valve may lie substantially above this position thus further increasing the area of connection between the combustion chamber and the cylinder proper. In lieu of forming the combustion chamber with a dome shaped roof this may be formed in cross-section as a rectangular member, that is to say, the roof of the combustion chamber will be at right angles to the axis of the cylinder with a rounded corner where this roof runs into the side walls of the combustion chamber. This roof will merge into an inclined portion running down towards the cylinder in which inclined position is accommodated the inlet valve. From the bottom of the seating of the inlet valve furthest from the combustion chamber to the wall of the cylinder furthest from the combustion chamber there may be arranged a part of the cylinder head normal to the axis of the cylinder, such part acting to increase the turbulence of the gas in known manner. The combustion chamber in plan may represent a circular member with a neck with parallel sides only a little narrower than the diameter of the circle forming the walls of the combustion chamber, which parallel portion forms the walls of the throat leading to the cylinder proper. In lieu of using a single inlet and single exhaust valve either or both of these might be duplicated. In the arrangement in which the whole of the inclined head of the inlet valve lies substantially above the position occupied by the piston at top dead centre the roof of the combustion chamber and that portion of the cylinder which houses the inlet valve may be formed as a plane inclined to the horizontal merging at the ends into curved portions which terminate in a vertical direction at the bottom of the cylinder head casting. According to another feature of this [Price 1/-] | ||