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From the Rolls-Royce experimental archive: a quarter of a million communications from Rolls-Royce, 1906 to 1960's. Documents from the Sir Henry Royce Memorial Foundation (SHRMF).
Design calculations and specifications for a Bonnet Thermostat.

Identifier  ExFiles\Box 156\1\  scan0139
Date  7th December 1935 guessed
  
Rolls-Royce Bonnet Thermostat.

2.3/8" o {Mr Oldham} /d Bellows. Wall thickness .006". Single wall type.
19 convs. Rate 12 lbs/1/2". Mean Area = 3.36 sq.inches.

Temp: 35°/45°C.
VP 0 / 6 lbs.sq.inch.

Load required at end of operating rod = 7 lbs.

↓ Spring + Bellows - (V.P x MA).
↑ (V.P x MA) - Bellows - (Spring + rate).

↓ 7 + 0 - 0 = 7 lbs.
↑ 20.16 - 12 - (7 + 1.16) = 7 lbs.

It is questionable whether a spring giving these characteristics could be mounted in the space available.
Smaller bellows will not put up the required load, and the next size larger, 2.7/8" o {Mr Oldham} /d, has much too high a rate.
  
  


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