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From the Rolls-Royce experimental archive: a quarter of a million communications from Rolls-Royce, 1906 to 1960's. Documents from the Sir Henry Royce Memorial Foundation (SHRMF).
Procedure for creating an engine indicator diagram using an epicyclic case and pressure gauge readings.

Identifier  ExFiles\Box 79\3\  scan0002
Date  15th February 1916
  
R.R. 235 A (400 T) (S.C. 538. 15-2-16) G.{Mr Griffiths - Chief Accountant / Mr Gnapp} 1546.
-2-
E3/G17317 Contd.

epicyclic case, and let it make .5 revolution against a pawl mechanism, it will move the timing of the indicator valve with relation to the engine by a certain definite part of the circle. e.g. 1/24

This 1/24 turn represents on our indicator diagram the distance between two of the ordinates. When the apparatus is running we should take a reading on the pressure gauge for one position of the valve with relation to the engine, and then slip the epicyclic case one [Half written above] revolution and take a fresh reading on the pressure gauge and so on, until we have taken a reading for all the ordinates in two revolutions, corresponding to a full gas cycle in the engine cylinder.

The valve is to be one in which the passages are staggered, this being a better form than the onw shewn in the sketch Lec.743

The indicator diagram when plotted on prepared sheets should be 6". long with a pressure scale in proportion to the length of the base line, so as to give a nicely shaped diagram. We shall require a battery of gauges to cover the whole range of pressure necessary, possibly four might be sufficient.

I have already discussed with you the lines which the oil pump should follow. I illustrate this in the following sketch -
  
  


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